Science - Grade 8
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Mitosis
Mitosis is a vital process that allows living organisms to grow, heal, and replace damaged cells. Every time your body heals a cut or replaces old skin cells, mitosis is happening! Let’s explore how this amazing process works. What Is Mitosis? Mitosis is the process by which one cell divides its nucleus to form two identical daughter cells. Each new cell receives the same genetic information as the original cell. Mitosis is part of the cell cycle and is followed by cytokinesis. The Four Stages of Mitosis: Scientists often remember the stages using the acronym PMAT: 1. Prophase: Chromosomes condense and become visible. The nuclear membrane begins to break down. Spindle fibers start to form 2. Metaphase: Chromosomes line up across the middle (equator) of the cell. Spindle fibers attach to the centromeres of chromosomes. 3. Anaphase: Sister chromatids are pulled apart. Each chromatid moves to opposite sides of the cell. 4. Telophase: Two new nuclei form around the separated chromosomes. Chromosomes begin to uncoil and return to chromatin. Cytokinesis: The Final Step After mitosis, cytokinesis occurs. This is when the cytoplasm divides, forming two separate daughter cells: In animal cells, the cell membrane pinches inward. In plant cells, a cell plate forms between the two new cells. Why Is Mitosis Important? Mitosis is essential for: Growth – from a single cell to a full organism Repair – healing wounds and damaged tissues Replacement – replacing old or dead cells Without mitosis, multicellular life would not be possible. Fun Fact: Some human cells, like skin cells, divide frequently, while others, like nerve cells, rarely divide at al
Added: February 1, 2026
Cell Cycle – Multiple Choice Questions
Every living organism is made of cells, and for life to continue, cells must grow, repair themselves, and reproduce. This process happens through a series of organized steps called the cell cycle. Understanding the cell cycle helps students learn how organisms develop, heal, and stay healthy.
Added: February 1, 2026